Gun-sight



OR 1 @397 a 108 0. V. PAYNE.

GUN SIGHT.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29, 1919.

Patented Nov. 15, 1921.

MHJAL. INSTRUMEHW;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR V. PAYNE, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 AUTO-ORDNANCE (JOIR,l?0]3.A--

TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GUN-SIGHT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 15, 1921.

Application filed November 29, 1919. Serial No. 341,376.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR V. PAYNE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gun-Sights, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to gun sights, particularly to rear sights for rifles having means for rotating the sight into operative position. i

The principal objects of the invention are 1 to afford a sight which can be adjusted accurately, not only by large steps but also by iinfinitesimally small degrees if desired, in

Ewhich the sighting notch or groove or other jopening remains constant in outline as viewed by the eye in sighting, in which :the elevational movement of the sight is much less than the corresponding movement of the actuator or elevating member, which involves a minimum number of parts, and

i which will, if desired, also automatically correct for-drift,

Another object of the invention is to provide a gun sight having a sighting member eccentrically mounted and adapted to be rotated in an arc of at least 180, so that the desired range from the minimum to the maximum may be readily obtained by the rotation of the sighting member through the aforementionedarc to its proper point of elevation.

Another object is to provide means comprising an elevating member adapted to readily elevate the eccentrically mounted sighting member to its proper position for the desired range and further to provide the elevating member with suitable calibrations to indicate various ranges determined by the adjustment of the eccentric sighting member to different positions in its arc of rotation, together with adjustable means for adjusting and locking the elevating member and consequently the sighting member in the proper fixed position.

Another object is to provide the eccentric sighting member with a continuous sighting groove, which is, therefore, constantly in its operative position at whatever position in the arc of rotation the sighting member may be placed, and the sighting groove is further preferably so disposed on the sighting member as to automatically and simultaneously provide for elevation and drift,

Still another object is to provide improved means for moving the sight transversely of the receiver in order to adjust the sight for correction of drift or windage or both.

In order that the nature of my invention may be clearly understood, I have illustrated certain embodiments of the invention in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of the sight, showing it attached to a rifle of the tubular yp Fig. 2 is a left side elevation of the sight;

Fig. 3 is a plan of the sight;

Fig. 4 is a vertical central section longitudinal of the gun on line 4.-t of Fig. 3, showing in dotted outline successive positions of the eccentric cylinder in its arc of rotation;

Fig. 5 is a vertical central section transverse of the gun on line 55 of Fig. 3;

F 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. 4, showing the traversing screw and cooperat ing parts;

Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of another embodiment of my invention showing particularly how the spiral sighting groove may be utilized; and

Fig. 8 is a cross section on the line 8-8 of Figs. 1 and 6.

In the particular embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6, 1 designates the base of the gun sight which is provided with a transverse dove-tail gib 2 adapted to fit in a transverse dove-tail groove 3 in the receiver R or other part of a rifle or other gun. under side of the base 1 is a semi-cylindrical transverse groove 4 adapted to coincide With a shallow transverse threaded groove 5 in the receiver R and within which is inserted a traversing screw 6 having a knurled head 7. Within the groove 4 there extends downwardly as an integral part of the base 1 an inverted U-shaped project-ion 8 adapted to engage in an annular groove in the traversing screw 6 and to straddle the reduced gortion of the screw formed by said groove.

y the engagement of the annular groove of the traversing screw with said projection the sight may be readily moved transversely of the receiver R by turning the screw 6 to correct for drift or windage or both, the screw meshing with the threads in the receiver groove 5. In order to gage the transverse adjustment of the sight the upper surface of the receiver R is provided with suitable calibrations C, arbitrarily or otherwise indicated, and the base 1 of the sight is provided with a line or notch 11 adapted to register with the calibrations C. This simple construction permits the cooperating parts tobe readily assembled and the base to be readily connected with the traversing screw 6 for adjustment.

Extending upwardly from the base 1 and integral therewith are two spaced cylindrical supporting members 12 and 13, the supporting member 12 being provided with a circular opening 1 1 and the supporting member 13 with a circular opening 15, within which is mounted a rotary elevating member 16. The elevating member 16 is provided on one end with bearing 17 rotatable in the opening 14: of the supporting member 12 and on the other end with a cylindrical bearing portion 18 and an axial projection 19 rotatable in recess 20 and opening 15 respectively in the supporting member 13. The cylindrical bearing portions 17 and 18, which are of equal diameters and have the same axis of rotation, are connected by and carry a cylindrical sighting member 21 having its axis offset from said axis of rotation and which is provided midway with a V-shaped sighting groove 22. This sighting groove may be disposed in the central plane as a circular groove (as shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5) that is vertically positioned with relation to the base 1, as shown in Fig. 1, or it may be disposed spirally or otherwise obliquely as illustrated in Fig. 7 serving in the latter" case automatically to correct for drift simultaneously with adjustment for elevation. In order to render the surface of the sighting member 21 nonreflecting its surface is painted, preferably black, oris knurled or otherwise roughened.

The projection 19 extending laterally from the cylindrical bearing portion 18 is threaded and has mounted thereon a knurled and threaded clamping nut 23 for locking the elevating member 16 and the eccentricsighting member 21 in the desired position. The projection 19 is provided with a longitudinal slot 24 for the purpose-of allowing the two portions of the projection 19 thus formed to spring apart slightly, thereby preventing the clamping nut 23 from turning too easily. The traversing screw 6 is so positioned that its head 7 overhangs the clamping nut 23 and thereby prevents it from being unscrewed.

The cylindrical bearing portion 17 is provided on its periphery with calibrations C, for example in multiples of 100 yards as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3, for indicating various ranges up to 1200 yards, the calibrations being adapted to register, in making various adjustments for elevation, with the base 25 of a cut-out portion 26 in the cylindrical supporting member 12.

Owing to the fact that the eccentric cylinder travels in the arc of a circle instead of straight up and down-and owing to the fact that different portions of the sighting notch are uppermost in the various positions, the calibrations are spaced different distances apart. For example, for a certain type of gun the cylinder should be rotated from its lowermost position forwardly (or rearwardly)through 21 25 for 100 yards range, through 31 for 200 yards range, through 18 for 400 yards range, through 56 51 for 500 yards range, and'so onto 180 for 1200 yards range. Obviously the eccentric radius may be made great enough for any desired range.

To assemble the partsof the sight shown in Figs. 1 to 6, the eccentric cylinder and lock nut are fitted together in the bearing standards, the traversing screw is fitted in the groove in the bottom of the base with the U-shaped fork straddling the reduced portion of the screw, and the screw is then threaded across the receiver with the base gib sliding in the dove-tail groove, the screw being held in engagement with the receiver threads by virtue of the dove-tail connection.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 7 the base 27 is provided with two spaced upright bearings 28 and 29 which have circular openings 30 and .31 respectively in which is inserted a shaft 32 having fixedly and eccentrically mounted thereon a cylindrical sighting member 33 having itssurface rendered non-reflectingby painting it black, by nurling or 'by being otherwise roughened as previously described. A knurled thumb nut 34 is fixedly attached to the outer end of the shaft 32 by means of which the sighting member 33 is turned to the position of elevation desired, and it is held in its adjusted position by a detent 35 actuated by a spiral spring-36mounted below in a housing 37 and engaging indentataneously with the adjustment for elevation, so that when the sighting member 33 is in its" position of maximum-elevation, as shown in Fig. 7, the greatest-correctionis made for drift. The surface-of the body of the thumb nut 34'is provided with calibrations C"indi-' eating various ranges andthey are adapted toregister with an index line 40 on the supporting member 29, whereby ready adjustment of the sighting member 33 may be effected.

in operating the form ofsightshown in Figs. 1 to 5 the sight is-movedtransversely by turning the traversing screw 6 to correct,

tions 38 in the body'of the thumb-nut 34.

ifearsome-w as may be necessary, for drift or windage, the elevating member 16 of the cylindrical bearing portion 17 is turned until the proper calibration is brought into registry with shoulder 25, thereby bringing the eccentric sighting member 21 to a position corresponding to the desired range, and then the elevating member 16 may be locked in position by turning the clamping nut 23. If a spiral sighting groove is used instead of the vertical groove 22 little if any previous adjustment of the sight for drift is necessary, since the spiral groove automatically and simultaneously corrects for both elevation and drift, as previously pointed out.

In operating the form of sight shown in Fig. 7 the eccentric sighting member 33 is readily adjusted for the desired range by turning the thumb nut 34 until the calibration desired coincides with the notch 40,

when the spring actuated detent 35 will automatically lock the thumb nut 34 and consequently the sighting member 33 in a fixed position.

It is evident therefore that my improved sight possesses unique and valuable characteristics, combining simplicity and solid ity of construction quick and accurate adjustment of the eccentric sighting member through an arc of 180 for various ranges, as well as ready means for correcting for drift and windage.

I claim:

1. A gun sight including arrrotary. sighting membeialiaving meansto-provide a sight cofi ifiiiously and uninterruptedly operative in the line of sight at various positions in the arc of rotation, the said means being mounted eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting means is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

2. A gun sight including a rotar sighting member having means to provide-a sight continuously and uninterruptedly operative in the line of sight at various positions in the art of rotation, the said means being mounted eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting means is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated, and means for simultaneously adjust.-..

,ing .saigbge :ierlelevationancl.drift '3I Afgun sight including a rotatable member having a groove in the periphery thereof, and means for rotatably supporting said member to bring successive portions of said groove into the line of sight at different elevations, said groove being continuous and uninterrupted so as to be operative at any desired position throughout its effective range of movement.

4:. A gun sight including a rotatable member having a groove in the periphery thereof, and means for rotatably supporting said member to bring successive portions of said groove into the line of sight at different elevations, said groove being continuous and of uniform depth so as to present a sighting notch of the same depth at any desired position throughout its: effective range of movement.

5. A gun sight including a rotary sighting member having transversely in a portion thereof a continuous sighting groove, said portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

(3. A gun sight including a cylindrical sighting member having transversely in a portion thereof a continuous sighting groove, said portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

7. A gun sight including a rotary sighting member having transversely in a portion thereof a continuous sighting groove, and means for elevating the said sighting member to any desired position in the arc of rotation, said portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as,

the member is rotated.

8. A gun sight including a rotary sighting member provided with means for simultaneously adjusting it for drift and elevation, said member having a sighting portion provided with a sighting groove disposed eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

9. A gun sight including a rotary sighting member having transversely in a portion thereof a continuous sighting groove, said portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated, and means for moving the said sight transversely to the axis of the said gun. 10. A gun sight including a rotary sightmg member adapted to be rotated through an arc of at least 180, said member having a sighting portion provided with a sighting groove disposed eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

11. A gun sight including spaced supporting members, a rotary elevating member disposed between and mounted in said spaced supporting members, said member having a cylindrical sighting portion pro vided with a sighting groove, said portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

12. A gun sight including spaced supporting members, a rotary elevating member disposed between said spaced supporting members, said member having a cylindrical sighting portion provided with a continuous sighting groove, said portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

13. A gun sight including spaced supporting members, a rotary member disposed between and mounted in said spaced supporting members, a threaded projection extending laterally from the said member, and a threaded clamping nut mounted on the said projection and cooperating therewith, said member having a portion eccentric with respect to the axis of said rotary member, said portion being provided with a sighting groove.

14. A gun sight including spaced supporting members, a rotary member disposed between and mounted in said spaced supporting members, a threaded projection longitudinally slotted and extending laterally from the said member, and a threaded clamping nut mounted on the said projection and cooperating therewith, said member having a portion eccentric with respect to the axis. of said rotary member, said portion being provided with a sighting groove.

15. A gun sight including a base portion, spaced supporting members upwardly extending from the said base portion, and a rotary member provided with spaced cylindrical bearing portions mounted and cooperating in the said spaced supporting members, said rotary member having a portion provided with a sighting groove, said sighting portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

16. A gun sight including a base portion, spaced supporting members upwardly extending from the said base portion and a rotary member provided with spaced cylindrical bearing portions mounted in a circular opening in one of the said supporting members and in a circular recess in the other, said member having a sighting portion between said bearing portions, said sighting portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sighting groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

17. A. gun sight including a base portion, spaced supporting members upwardly extending from the said base portion, a rotary member provided with spaced cylindrical bearing portions mounted in the said spaced supporting member, a threaded projection extending laterally from said rotary member, and a threaded clamping nut mounted on the said projection and cooperating with one of said supporting members, said rotary member having a sighting portion between said bearing portions, said sighting portion being eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of said member whereby the sight ing groove is raised or lowered by virtue of the eccentricity as the member is rotated.

Signed by me at Cleveland, Ohio, this eighteenth day of November, 1919.

OSCAR V. PAYNE. 

